African Country Lists & Rankings

Rankings and lists of Africa's 54 countries by size, population, economy, language and geography.

Africa at a Glance: Quick Answers

QuestionAnswerFull list
Largest country by areaAlgeria (2,381,741 km²)Largest countries
Smallest countrySeychelles (459 km²)Island countries
Most populous countryNigeria (about 233 million, 2024)Most populous
Largest economiesSouth Africa and Egypt (about $400 billion each, 2024)Richest countries
Lowest GDP per personSouth SudanPoorest countries
Landlocked countries16Landlocked countries
Island countries6Island countries
French official or working language21 countriesFrench-speaking
English official language23 countriesEnglish-speaking
Arabic official language11 countriesArabic-speaking
Portuguese official language6 countriesPortuguese-speaking

Many countries have more than one official language, so the language lists overlap (Cameroon, for example, is on both the French and English lists). Population figures are 2024 UN estimates; economic figures are IMF estimates and change every year with exchange rates.

More Ways to Explore

For countries grouped by geography, see the five regions of Africa. For how today's borders were drawn, see the Scramble for Africa timeline and the African independence timeline. Each list links to a full country profile.